The 'big battle' for the fictional campaign of June/July 1863 has come about.
We decided to label it "Battle of Utica Mills" in Maryland, north of Fredrick City.
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in location was Doubleday's I Corps
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The early fight had been with parts of A.P.Hill's Corps and Hill had died in Union hospital from wounds received and taken prisoner.
Then came a sharp day of action across the region, starting close to the mountain gap, then driving back the Union cavalry under Buford; when everything halted as the leading elements of I Corps firmed up a line near Hunting Creek, which flows south near Utica Mills.
Then the leading elements of Ewell's Corps began to make their presence known and the situation for our battle was set.
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though not on the battlefield at the start, Ewell made good time south to the field, bringing his Corps artillery
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Meanwhile General Lee had determined to move up all the remaining Artillery and evacuate South Mountain and make the engagement at Utica Mills his action station, while leaving Longstreet to manage the rear along the Potomac.
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Lee in person would arrive on the field of battle around mid-day
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General Meade was still in Frederick City, managing a rail-loading of II Corps and the more experienced half of the Army of the Potomac's reserve artillery. He was preparing to send them off to Harper's Ferry and the command of General Reynolds, to effect a cut-off of the Confederate army.
General Meade sent off General Slocum to command the situation in Utica Mills and to report back no later than mid-day if the army wing along the Fishing & Hunting Creek region could hold off the Confederate army for the balance of the day, V and VI Corps were already dispatched and the latter half of the Army reserve Artillery would also be sent off to effect this mission.
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General Slocum's task was to hold out the day north of the Fishing Creek
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With this general situation set up, I then consulted some area maps and a few satellite images to generate a tabletop somewhat consistent with that ground.
I then pushed my home-spun geo-hex system to the maximum, using up all the hill slope sections that I had and ended up making a whole new one.
Time Lapse of the tabletop setup
My deck had been prepared with the table, and a pair of tents to keep off the anticipated light summer shower (turn out there were two that happened during the game) ... only a little mishap with draining off one bit of the water accumulation cause a few drops to land on the tablecloth - otherwise all was dry.
Then the players arrived - you can see them arrive in the time-lapse. We needed to assemble some of the troops from the collection of one of the players - Nate thank you so much!
setting out the needed troops
Now we were ready to lay out the battlefield and start the day's action.
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overview of the whole field at 8 am
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Slocum's view from Adamstown
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Utica Mills to the right of this image
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Brigadier Doubleday was in command of Union forces at the front
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Union cavalry, under Buford, held the bridge and area north of Hunting Creek
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Confederate pressure was immediate
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more Confederates were arriving every hour for the first two hours
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Confederate infantry pushed through the north Catoctin mountain woods right away
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Union columns of V Corps began arriving at the far south end of the field - beyond Fishing Creek
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the action was immediate across the whole line right from the start of the day
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by 8:30 am there were formations of Confederate infantry across the Hunting Creek
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Eagle eyed readers will notice the little clock face - something I have added since the dice I use normally to identify the time or turn just don't look as good or fit with the period as well.
I have a brass/white one for the AM and a darker one for the PM turns.
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Union die rolls (the blue one) were poor in early hand to hand action
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camera was MIA for a while, then at 10 am returned as the columns advanced from the south
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they had crossed Fishing Creek and the head of the column was V Corps command
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Buford's horsemen had done great work beyond the Hunting Creek, now they would move to the south bank and into the headwaters
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while the other half of the horsemen and all the artillery Buford had along with I Corps artillery were pouring fire into the advancing rebels
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this fire did not stop their advance ...
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melee was joined again (I am including some photos of the players since I did not take a group photo near the end of the action)
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Doubleday's reserve was committed early as he could see V Corps arriving in the southwhat a view that was the troop column covered a full 6 feet of tabletop
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Slocum monitored the arriving troops and the supply columns and hospitals established in Adamsville
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Army of the Potomac artillery were here in force
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the column of V Corps, just about to deploy
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Sykes now had to decide where to deploy to assist Doubleday directly or to form a new line along a muddy branch of the lesser Hunting Creek
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the columns were long
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Doubleday was forced to use his artillery train guards as a final infantry reserve
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... and still the Union Cavalry held the one stone bridge across the Greater Hunting Creek
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Confederate artillery were now ranged to deliver some killing blows
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an overhead view of the action
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Rebels seemed unbeatable in the woods!
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the barricades at the Hunting Creek were breached
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an illustrative image
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Major-General and Wing Commander Slocum moves forward with the artillery of the army his intent is to determine whether the army he has can hold the day north of Fishing Creek AND report this to MG Meade by mid-day.
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Sykes had decided to leave open room for I Corps to fall back and hold a line at the lesser Hunting Cr
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Confederate infantry did finally get slowed down by the massed cavalry and their fast loading rifles!
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it would not be enough to help I Corps though
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the stone bridge was held, but nothing else along the Hunting Creek - so the Confederate artillery could be delayed
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still the Union columns advance
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with masses of artillery behind
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the brave final stand at the stone bridge across Hunting Creek
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high noon and a second Union line was forming up
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while the first, near Utica Mills was just barely holding on
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the hilly west flank of the battlefield was the key terrain to break through
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while the creeks formed the barriers to fast movement along the flat eastern half of the field next to the Monocacy River
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the wooded hills were intense battlegrounds
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Confederate view looking south the second line of Union troops could be seen firming up
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Union brigades continued to slow down any progress in the woods
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post mid-day, Union troops keep advancing
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MG Slocum has sent off the messenger "Army will hold north of Fishing Creek"
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With this message arriving in Frederick City, sometime in early afternoon, Meade will order the trains to finish loading artillery and steam out to Harper's Ferry and complete the movement of II Corps, this will put three full corps in the area to face down a damaged Longstreet ...
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at this point the greater Hunting Cr was breached
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yet still the tenacious cavalry and mangled artillery train guard grimly held on ...
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even making an ill fated charge ...
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All while the second line got set up on the lesser Hunting
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then the stone bridge was open to rebel traffic
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Confederate view south
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the 'replacement' Division commander was General Trimble (we later decided)
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casualties for the Confederacy - so far Early simply retired from the field as his Division losses were too great
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long view of the field - for the moment there were no new troops arriving for either side though more were expected for the Union as VI Corps had not yet arrived.
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the moment of breakthrough at the stone bridge across the greater Hunting Creek
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it was around this point that we made our dinner break, some interesting discussions about what might be done about a cut off Lee in Maryland. No direct access to Washington and no easy way back to the Shenandoah.
What would be done?
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what appeared to be a last good chance to push the Union off the Hunting Cr and across the Fishing Cr was now
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only a thin line was formed to halt at the lesser Hunting
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there was room for exploitation if they could get there fast enough
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... or so it appeared.
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General Lee was as close as possible to assess this situation and urge forward his men
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no longer would he have any local numerical superiority as the day wore on the numbers tilted into Union favor
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more batteries and troops of the Confederacy were now forming around Utica Mills
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fully into the afternoon, still no more troops arriving
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Doubleday had fallen back with the remains of some of his artillery
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V Corps would now have to take point in the battle
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full crossing still in progress as fighting continues in the land south of Hunting Cr
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V Corps were going to contest the woods on the north east flank
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at long last VI Corps starts to appear
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the first clashes along the lesser Hunting Cr have started
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artillery duels are ongoing ...
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rebel Guns make progress
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view south from Confederate lines
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Utica Mills is fully in rebel hands
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Adamsville is hosting more Union troops on the main road ...
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the Union line, as seen from Confederate positions, has now firmed up on lesser Hunting Creek
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a dark shadow passes over Lee
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the wooded hills are stubbornly contested by both sides ... now with only one Union brigade holding on by a thread ...
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it is now, at 2:30 pm, that the first Potomac army reserve artillery begins to form on the hill south of Fishing Creek. This battery will grow over the next few hours and form the basis of the Union victory at Utica Mills (spoiler)
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more of VI Corps can be seen arriving
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V Corps were now set to actively defend
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the prospects for the Confederacy were fast eroding away
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more troops were needed as there was no more operational reserve on the field ... yes there were two divisions less than a days march away - one east and one north yet they could not get here to change any outcome today
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Sedgewick would now make VI Corps presence felt on the field
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between the Hunting Creeks was a no-mans land though Confederate forces did dominate it ... for now
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looking south (into the gloom) the blue uniforms stand out
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a massive Confederate gun line would now blast at lesser Hunting Creek - dominating the Union guns there and forcing the troops to fall back ... could this be the tipping point?
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overview at 4:30 pm the multiple Union lines can be seen clearly
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lesser Hunting Cr was released to the Confederates
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they formed a line into the wooded hills beyond
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could this be the tipping point? Was the Union wrong in assessing being able to hold this day?
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5 o'clock, and the Union lines are tripling up
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lesser Hunting was left to the rebels, they would have to cross much open ground ... with large numbers of Union guns now on high ground with a clear view of them
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Utica Mills was in rebel hands for now ...
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there were some Confederate troops, yet none were unscathed and most were in 'worn' condition
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while in the woods the Union troops were still 'fresh'
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this would be the testing moment
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last chance to snatch a victory ...
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order given ... move forward
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overview of the Union position ... note the guns on the hill in front of the woods to the upper left of the image
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these guns had a clear view of all Confederate troops, none could advance without their attention
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the gun line was well covered by two lines of infantry that they could fire over ...
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In one mighty salvo at long range one entire Confederate artillery battery was destroyed.
This would now continue with at least one battery being destroyed every 30 minutes, if not more.
Moving closer now would ensure utter destruction of any forces crossing the open ground.
Lee realized the battle was lost, the day was done. His forces must now withdraw north of Utica Mills and get support from the other Divisions and Stuart's Cavalry if there was to be any further action.
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the woods skirmishes would not end until darkness
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Confederate forces in the open would have to retreat into cover
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Slocum had held the day
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there were reserves of men and guns to replenish this line
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now the no-mans land was dominated by Union artillery
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though battered, the Union army was the victor
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specific losses for Union forces
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specific losses for Confederate forces
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Confederate survivors
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remaining Rebel forces
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aftermath survivors
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Union forces intact at battle end
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detail regarding Union troops at end
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Large Union forces survived the battle
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A time lapse of the full battle
(including our dinner break - watch the light shift)
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thank you again to the players Chris and Nate for traveling to the game table
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